Marrow-Gnawer sac-loop: tap Marrow-Gnawer, sacrifice one Rat, make a token for every Rat you control then swing with fear for a one-sided alpha strike
It only uses cards with the true partner mechanicno partner with, backgrounds, or any of the other partner offshoots
First Edition cards have a small "Edition 1" oval stamp printed on the card
See here for a full deck guide on Edgar Markov
In the case where Fealty to the Realm is enchanting a creature but there is no monarch, the second ability will create a control-changing effect with the timestamp mentioned above, but that effect won't do anything until a player becomes the monarch
Yes, you can counter a triggered ability with specific cards that say counter target triggered ability. Regular counterspells like Counterspell only work on spells, not abilities already on the stack