13-12: Water Reuse – As Time Goes by do the Less Attractive Approaches Cooling Tower Conversion lowest cost to implement approaches

lowest cost to implement approaches were those most often implemented

Three separate 50 days research studies using ammonia and phenol stripped coal gasification condensate from the Great Plains Coal Gasification Plant were performed

Examples of evaluations of current conditions and life expectancy projections are provided for cooling towers owned by Appalachian Power Co

are used to project a life expectancy of the tower at a given level of probability

and tolerance of high pH and water system contaminants

13-12: Water Reuse – As Time Goes by do the Less Attractive Approaches Cooling Tower Conversion lowest cost to implement approachesReuse of lower quality waters as make up water to Open Evaporative Cooling Water Systems has been implemented and practiced for several decades. The driving force was often image, lowering environmental impact, and or economic benefits (reduced operating costs). Paretos Principle was often followed if not strictly applied, the easiest, lowest cost to implement approaches were those most often implemented. With the passage of time, more stringent