75-07: Recovery of Chromate from Cooling Tower Blowdown by Ion Exchange Resins Materials lowest cost to implement approaches

lowest cost to implement approaches were those most often implemented

to be used directly in the manipulated osmosis step

More important

found: (l) aerobic bacteria countsconsistently less than l000/mL in cooling water (no colonies on the standard Easicult TTC dip slide test)

The cooling towers in plants of this type are generally of crossflow de­sign

75-07: Recovery of Chromate from Cooling Tower Blowdown by Ion Exchange Resins Materials lowest cost to implement approachesDuring the past several decades, chromate based corrosion inhibitors were widely used in open cooling water recirculating systems. In 1971, the Japanese Government, however, adopted a regulation which limited the discharge of toxic matter including hexavalent chrome to public waters. Factories employing cooling systems were forced to reduce chromates to less than 0. 5 ppm as Cr^6+ or replace chromates to other types of corrosion inhibitors; however,